Previous to the decimal conversion, Great Britain had a currency system that used penny and pence (abbreviated d), shillings (s), and pounds (£). Pence is the plural of penny when referring to a coin of that denomination. Before decimalization, 12 pence made a shilling, and 20 shillings made a pound. This complicated currency system operated on fractions and had a separate nomenclature for incremental units, as illustrated below. The English word penny is derived from the Old English word penig, which itself comes from the proto-Germanic word panninga....

Building a wine rack is an easy project that can most of the time be completed in a day or two, depending on how large and detailed you’d like it to be. The even better news is that these free wine rack plans will build you a great-looking wine rack for much less than it would cost to go buy one. The free wine rack plans feature wine racks in all different styles so be sure to look through the whole list....

There’s something just so special about a recipe handwritten and these printable recipe cards will help you do it in style. These recipe cards make great gifts or you can put down some recipes and keep them for yourself. These printable recipe cards work best when printed on card stock. Some can be filled out before printing while others are just meant to be handwritten on after printing so be sure to look for directions on each site....

You’ll find that these tote bag sewing patterns are perfect for the beginning sewist. It’s a great first project because it’s mostly straight-line sewing and easy construction. It’s a great first sewing project and even one that kids can tackle. Retro Striped Pocket Tote Bag from The Spruce Crafts Easy Felt Tote Bag from The Spruce Crafts Reusable Grocery Bag Tote from The Spruce Crafts Oversized Beach Bag from Polka Dot Chair Let’s Go to the Park Bag from Delia Creates Grocery Bag from a Tea Towel from DIY Candy Four Step Leather Tote from Delia Creates Wave Pocket Market Tote from Sew4Home Easy DIY Circle Tote from A Beautiful Mess Drawstring Bag from The Spruce Crafts

Easy Paper Snowman Ornaments from Red Ted Art DIY Paper Noel Christmas Card from The Spruce Birchwood Paper Garland from ETC Papers 3D Snowflakes from Insider Paper Plate Snowman from Easy Peasy and Fun Paper Roll Penguin Craft from Easy Peasy and Fun Make Your Own Winter Paper Lanterns from Lia Griffith Paper Cut Winter Village from Lia Griffith DIY Paper Christmas Cactus from The House That Lars Built Christmas Paper Office Party Decorations from The House That Lars Built

Wear Safety Equipment When using power tools, wearing the appropriate safety equipment should be considered mandatory. The woodworker should always wear safety glasses and hearing protection, but appropriate clothing should also be considered. Loose fitting clothing, neckties, and jewelry are all hazards to avoid when using a table saw. Keep the Area Clean When using a table saw, keep the table and surround area clear of stock, cutoffs and excess sawdust....

Building a dining room table may seem like a big project, but it is pretty ​straightforward. It’s a hugely satisfying project that won’t take you more than a few days to complete. These dining room table plans have everything you need to build one, step-by-step building instructions, diagrams, photos, tips, and even videos.​ There are all different styles of dining room table plans here but if you’re looking for a more rustic table, be sure to look at this set of free farmhouse table plans....

Sewing tape measures are usually marked with inches on one side and centimeters/millimeters on the other. The most common use of a tape measure is to take body measurements, but you can use it for any measuring task. Because it is flexible but firm, it can stand on its edge and measure the distance around an item, such as a circle. Gauges come in a variety of forms. The most common to have is a 6-inch aluminum ruler with a slider....

Since the U.S. Mint had not made silver dollars in 17 years, new dies had to be created. A new design for the silver dollar was in the works, but it was not ready for production yet. Therefore, the U.S. Mint resurrected the Morgan silver dollar obverse and reverse designs. A total of 86,730,000 Morgan dollars were made at the three U.S. mint facilities in Philadelphia, Denver and San Francisco....

The War Effort and Metals The 1943 silver-colored penny is a wartime coin issue made of steel and coated with zinc. During World War II, the war effort required a lot of copper to make shell casings and munitions. In 1943 U.S. Mint produced the penny out of zinc plated steel to save copper for the war effort, so most 1943 pennies are silver colored. Metal was not the only commodity that was critical to the war effort....

Because the Christmas season is a popular time to get crafty and do it yourself, we rounded up a few of our favorite homemade garland projects. Make and hang these around your tree, staircase railing, mantel, windows, or doorways to transform your home for the holidays.

Some of these letters to Santa templates are blank, giving kids the freedom to come up with their own letter to Santa. There are also templates that guide a younger child or one who may have a more difficult time coming up with their own letter to Santa. These letters to Santa can be tucked into a custom-made envelope along with your child’s Christmas wish list and a Santa coloring page colored by your child....

Not everyone has the same definition of “modern” when it comes to crochet, but for this collection of designs, it means one or more of the following: on-trend for fashion or decor, using familiar techniques in new ways, and timeless in a way that still feels “now.” Finding what you like can be overwhelming, but this list is a good place to start. And when you find something you like, be sure to look at other patterns from that designer because they usually have lots to offer....

When it comes to reusing items from the dollar store, you’re only limited to your creativity. Do you need some inspiration to get started? These dollar store crafts utilize some commonly found items that look even better once repurposed. DIY Magnetic Organizer from The Crazy Craft Lady DIY Wool Felt Coasters from Inspired by Charm Dollar Store Pantry Makeover from The Social Home Rubber Door Mat Wall Art from Salvage Dior DIY Rope Basket from I Heart Organizing How to Make Art Using Thumbtacks from Live Love DIY DIY Vintage Locker Bins from Adrienne Elizabeth Home Style Life DIY Mirror Boxes from Hi Sugarplum Turn $1 Vase Into Something Beautiful from Love + Marriage DIY Jewelry Mirror Wall Hangings from Homey Oh My How to Paint Terracotta Flower Pots from The Spruce DIY Jewelry Storage from Confessions of a Serial DIYer Beautiful Enamel Painted Vases from Sugar and Charm Quick and Easy DIY Map Magnets from The Happy Housie DIY iPad Case Made for a Dollar from Mod Podge Rocks Easy DIY Floral Sandals from My So Called Crafty Life How to Make a Wall Mirror from Thistlewood Farms Fresh and Succulent from Craftberry Bush Flower Vases from Salt and Pepper Shakers from Paint a Sign DIY Watermelon Mason Jars from The Spruce Colorful Clothespin Trivets from Dream a Little Bigger DIY Colored Glass Mason Jars from Freutcake Dollar Store Cotton Wreath from The Crazy Craft Lady A Carnival of Tiered Trays from Joy’s Hope Rustic DIY Lantern With Dollar Tree Frames from Simply Handmade Studios

DIY Fabric Covered Notebook from The Spruce Washi Tape Your Pencils and Notebooks from Lia Griffith DIY Wood Notebook from Burkatron Painted Notebook Samples from Dyan Reaveley DIY Washi Tape Stickers Decorated Notebooks from Hello Creative Family Fabulous Notebook Makeovers from Little Birdie Secrets Zentangle Inspired Decorated Notebook from Miracle Art Inspirations Embroidered Notebook Cover from Creative Workshop Inspiration Mini Memo Book Covers from mmmcrafts Butterfly Notebook from Pink Stripey Socks DIY Mother’s Day Monogram Journals from Willowday DIY Terrazzo Style Notebooks from Enthralling Gumptions Craft It: Small Pocket Notebooks from White House Crafts 10 Minutes or Less: Valentine’s Day Notebooks from The Crafted Life DIY Mini Chalkboard Notebooks from brepurposed DIY Stitched Notebooks from Pretty Life Girls DIY Notebooks for Back to School from Trinkets in Bloom Vinyl Letter Notebooks from The Beauty Dojo DIY Leather Stamp Notebook from The Merry Thought Altered Books for Little People from Kate’s Creative Space Woodgrain Valentine Notebooks from Damask Love DIY Leather Cover for Kimidori Project Notebooks from I Try DIY Back to School Printable Notebook Stickers from Design Eat Repeat DIY Stationery Personalized Notebooks from The Things She Makes Printable Composition Book Covers from Damask Love Notebooks with Interest from Art Decoration and Crafting

Within a short time, you’ll know how to make a crochet chain and a slip stitch so you can start easy projects. From there, learn more basic stitches and begin to make a variety of scarves, hats, shawls, and blankets. A turning chain often starts each new row in a crochet project. The height of the turning chain, which is the number of chains you create, depends on the stitches used in that row....

Paper Plate Clifford Craft from Crafty Morning DIY Shaggy Dog from Handmade Charlotte Toilet Paper Roll Dogs from Easy Peasy and Fun Paper Spring Dog from Mess for Less Candy Bar Party Pups from Handmade Charlotte Shape Puppy from My Mommy Style Pipe Cleaner Dog from Craft Foxes Paper Plate Dog Craft from Craft Create Cook Paper Bag Dog Puppet from 86 Lemons

Players 2 to 4 players. Deck Standard 52-card deck. Goal To win all of the cards. Setup Shuffle the deck and deal the cards as evenly as possible. Players keep their cards in front of them, face down. Gameplay The player to the left of the dealer starts the game by turning up his or her top card and playing it in the middle of the table. If the card has a rank of 2 to 10, play passes to the left and the next player does the same....